STONE MASONRY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Introduction: To make bound of stone to use any suitable mortar and have to get constructed structure is called stone masonry. Stone masonry is used to construction for building of pillars, walls, and foundations. Generally, there are some types of stones are used in the stone masonry. Some are under following here.

1. Slate                                              2.Granite

3. Marble                                           4. Sand stone

5. Lime stone                                    6. Laterite

TOOLS USED IN STONE MASONRY

There are some that mostly use during in the stonemasonry work.

1. Trowel                      2.Square

2. Bevel                        3. Spirit Level

4. plumb bob                5. Steel Tape

6. Mallet                       7. Iron Hammer

8. Chisel                       8. Jumpe

TYPES OF STONE MASONRY’

There are two big types of stone masonry.

1. Rubble Masonry

2. Ashlar Masonry

1. Rubble Stone Masonry: In this type of stone masonry is made without to dressing stones. There are types of rubble stone masonry is give under here.

1. Random Rubble Masonry.             2. Coursed Rubble Masonry

3. Square Rubble Masonry                4. Dry Rubble Masonry

2. Ashlar Stone Masonry: In this type of stone masonry is made after its stones dressing. There are some types of ashlar stone masonry.

1. Fine Ashlar Masonry                     2. Rough Faced Ashlar Masonry

3. Chamfered Ashlar Masonry           4. Ashlar Facing

Civil engineering study

Introduction: Civil Engineering study is dependent upon measuring, recording and attracting to scale the physical characteristics on the surface of the earth. For distinctive overview destinations, diverse devices and review gear is utilized. The surveyor utilization instruments for measuring, a field book for recording and these days looking over virtual products for plotting and attracting to scale the site characteristics.

Study of Civil Engineering

Study of civil engineering has contained on many different subjects. There are such types of civil engineering subjects are mentioned under here.                                                                                   

1.Surveying

2.Drafting  

3.Quantity survey 

4.Construction 

5.Mechanics of structure

6.Soil mechanics

 

Surveying
 

1. Surveying: In civil engineering the field of surveying is the most necessary and popular for the construction of works where we collect the necessary information and that information’s has been appeared on the drawing sheet before the starting of project by the surveying. After surveying of project we come to know about the dimensions and map. After that we start our work the supervision of map and dimensions of project.

Definition of survey: In the civil engineering survey stands to collect necessary information about any area and project. These information's are appeared on drawing sheet. The procedure of survey is called as surveying. There are main two  types of survey. One is plain survey and second is geodetic  survey.






2. Drafting: Drafting field is most popular and necessary field of civil engineering without this field we can not start the work on project and can not find estimate of project. There fore after the surveying of project we draw a map of project according to their dimension and survey details.

3.Quantity Survey: In civil engineering the quantity survey is the most necessary survey where we find the cost of project before its staring work on project. We have guessed the cost of project that, how many amounts, would need to complete the project by quantity survey. Quantity survey is the most popular field of civil engineering where we calculate the quantity of every using material on project then we find the rates of material by their quantity and at last we can find the total cost of project. There are three important things need to estimate any project one is drawing of project second thing is specifications of the using material on project and third necessary thing is present  rates of the materials.

4. Construction: Construction is the basic field and subject of civil engineering where we learn  about the procedures of different works  that how we can build any structure. For example the procedure of construction buildings, Roads, Reservoirs, Dams, Channels, and many others etc..